Minerales de Colección - Rosa de Barita - Baryte - Taouz - Marruecos

+++ BARITA +++ La baritina o barita, del griego baros («pesado», palabra que también dio origen al bario), es un mineral de la clase de los sulfatos y del tipo AXO4. Químicamente es el sulfato de bario (BaSO4). Es la principal mena del bario. Se incluye en el mismo grupo que la celestina (SrSO4) y la anglesita (PbSO4). Con la celestina forma una serie de solución sólida sustituyendo gradualmente el bario por estroncio. Cristaliza en la clase dipiramidal (2/m 2/m 2/m) del sistema Rómbico. Forma soluciones sólidas con los otros miembros del grupo. Es un mineral muy común. Aparece frecuentemente como envolviendo los filones de minerales metálicos. Es así una de las gangas filonianas junto con la calcita y el cuarzo, que aparecen junto a ella. Es la mena principal de bario. Debido a su densidad, se usa en los barros (lodos) de perforación de pozos. Se utiliza en la producción de agua oxigenada, en la fabricación de pigmentos blancos y, como carga mineral, en pinturas y en la industria del caucho. Se emplea especialmente en la producción del litopón, una combinación de sulfuros y sulfatos usados para recubrimientos. Se usa también en la industria de los frenos, del vidrio y como recubrimiento en las salas de rayos X. Se usa como imprimante para papel fotográfico. --- ENGLISH --- Baryte or barite (UK: /ˈbærʌɪt/, /ˈbɛəraɪt/[citation needed]) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate (BaSO4). Baryte is generally white or colorless, and is the main source of barium. The baryte group consists of baryte, celestine (strontium sulfate), anglesite (lead sulfate), and anhydrite (calcium sulfate). Baryte and celestine form a solid solution (Ba,Sr)SO4. The radiating form, sometimes referred to as Bologna Stone, attained some notoriety among alchemists for the phosphorescent specimens found in the 17th century near Bologna by Vincenzo Casciarolo. The American Petroleum Institute specification API 13/ISO 13500, which governs baryte for drilling purposes, does not refer to any specific mineral, but rather a material that meets that specification. In practice, however, this is usually the mineral baryte. The term "primary barytes" refers to the first marketable product, which includes crude baryte (run of mine) and the products of simple beneficiation methods, such as washing, jigging, heavy media separation, tabling, flotation. Most crude baryte requires some upgrading to minimum purity or density. Baryte that is used as an aggregate in a "heavy" cement is crushed and screened to a uniform size. Most baryte is ground to a small, uniform size before it is used as a filler or extender, an addition to industrial products, in the production of barium chemicals or a weighting agent in petroleum well drilling mud. The name baryte is derived from the Ancient Greek: βαρύς, translit. barús, 'heavy'. The American spelling is barite. The International Mineralogical Association initially adopted "barite" as the official spelling, but recommended adopting the older "baryte" spelling later. This move was controversial and was notably ignored by American mineralogists. Other names have been used for baryte, including barytine, barytite, barytes, heavy spar, tiff, and blanc fixe. Baryte occurs in a large number of depositional environments, and is deposited through a large number of processes including biogenic, hydrothermal, and evaporation, among others. Baryte commonly occurs in lead-zinc veins in limestones, in hot spring deposits, and with hematite ore. It is often associated with the minerals anglesite and celestine. It has also been identified in meteorites. Baryte has been found at locations in Brazil, Nigeria, Canada, Chile, China, India, Pakistan, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Iran, Ireland (where it was mined on Benbulben), Liberia, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Romania (Baia Sprie), Turkey, South Africa (Barberton Mountain Land), Thailand, United Kingdom (Cornwall, Cumbria, Dartmoor/Devon, Derbyshire, Durham, Perthshire, Argyllshire, and Surrey) and in the US from Cheshire, Connecticut, De Kalb, New York, and Fort Wallace, New Mexico. It is mined in Arkansas, Connecticut, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Nevada, and Missouri. World baryte production for 2017 was 8.65 million tonnes. The major barytes producers (in thousand tonnes, data for 2017) are as follows: China (3,600), India (1,600), Morocco (1,000), Mexico (400), United States (330), Iran (280), Turkey (250), Russia (210), Kazakhstan (160), Thailand (130) and Laos (120). The main users of barytes in 2017 were (in million tonnes) US (2.35), China (1.60), (Middle East (1.55), the European Union and Norway (0.60), Russia and CIS (0.5), South America (0.35), Africa (0.25), and Canada (0.20). 70% of barytes was destined for oil and gas well drilling muds. 15% for barium chemicals, 14% for filler applications in automotive, construction, and paint industries, and 1% other applications.

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